How to replace a heat pump capacitor?

The capacitor is an essential component of a heat pump that stores and releases electrical energy to start the motor and keep it running. Over time, a capacitor can become weak or fail altogether, which can result in the heat pump not working properly. If your heat pump is not turning on or is making a humming noise, it may be time to replace the capacitor. Here are the steps to replace a heat pump capacitor:

Turn off the power

Before you start working on the heat pump, turn off the power supply to the unit. This will prevent any accidental shocks or electrocution. Locate the circuit breaker for the heat pump and switch it off.

Locate the capacitor

The capacitor is a small cylindrical device that is usually located near the heat pump motor. It will have two or three terminals with wires attached to them. Look for a round or oval-shaped object with a silver or gray casing.

Discharge the capacitor

To avoid a shock, you will need to discharge the capacitor before removing it. Use a screwdriver with an insulated handle to short-circuit the terminals of the capacitor. Place the screwdriver across the terminals to discharge any stored energy.

Remove the old capacitor

Once the capacitor is discharged, use a pair of needle-nose pliers to remove the wires from the terminals. Take note of which wires are connected to which terminals, as you will need to reconnect them later. Use a socket wrench or pliers to remove the mounting bolt or screw that holds the capacitor in place.

Install the new capacitor

Take the new capacitor and place it in the same position as the old one. Attach the mounting bolt or screw to hold it in place. Connect the wires to the correct terminals, making sure they are tight and secure.

Test the new capacitor

Once you have installed the new capacitor, it’s important to test it before turning the power back on. Use a multimeter to check the voltage across the terminals. The reading should match the specifications of the capacitor. If the reading is off, there may be another issue with the heat pump that needs to be addressed.

Turn on the power

Once you have confirmed that the new capacitor is installed correctly and working, turn the power back on to the heat pump. Turn on the thermostat and check that the heat pump is working properly. If the heat pump is still not functioning, there may be another issue that needs to be addressed.

Conclusion

Replacing a heat pump capacitor is a relatively simple and straightforward process, but it’s important to take the necessary safety precautions to avoid electrocution. If you’re not comfortable working with electrical components, it’s best to call a professional HVAC technician to handle the replacement. Regular maintenance of your heat pump, including annual check-ups and filter changes, can help prevent capacitor failure and other issues from occurring.